Electricity Demand and Supply Pakistan Essay

Power load-shedding in Pakistan is one of the greatest local issues looked by the nation. Alongside the issues that the force deficiency brings for the general public all in all and for the occupants of the general public the force disappointments genuinely checks the monetary capability of the economy. Considering the greater part of the medium and huge scope businesses of Pakistan rely upon apparatus that is controlled by power they are intensely reliant on the power flexibly, with the power gracefully cut their creation limit diminishes drastically also. Since the majority of Pakistani assembling enterprises come up short on the self age capacity consequently this force blackout is significantly progressively hurtful to their business. So in the end winds up happening that alongside making general trouble among the open this force deficiency lessens the creation limit of the organizations and consequently diminishes the total flexibly. Total flexibly can be characterized as the all out gracefully of products and enterprises that organizations in a national economy plan on selling during a particular timespan. It is the aggregate sum of products and enterprises that organizations are happy to sell at a given value level in an economy. It is the aggregate sum of products and enterprises that organizations are happy to sell at a given value level in an economy. Over the long haul, the total flexibly bend is thought to be vertical In the short run, the total gracefully bend is thought to be upward slanting SRAS (Short run total interest) shows all out arranged yield when costs in the economy can change however the costs and profitability of all factor inputs for example wage rates and the condition of innovation are thought to be held consistent. LRAS (Long run total flexibly) shows all out arranged yield when the two costs and normal pay rates can change †it is a proportion of a country’s likely yield and the idea is connected unequivocally to that of the creation probability wilderness The SRAS and LRAS can be graphically spoken to as follows: SRAS LRAS Presently what happens is that organizations should chop down their creation procedure so as to successfully meet the expenses brought about or it will go to a place of misfortunes. The chopping down of the creation procedure meansâ decreasing the gracefully of the firm. As a firm delivers lesser than it did previously, less specialists will be required in light of the fact that the overabundance work has been made repetitive since less representatives are presently expected to create lesser yield. In addition, the firm can no longer bear to utilize the same number of laborers as it did previously. Subsequently this will in the end offer ascent to through the span of time the same number of laborers have should be laid off in ventures because of low action. This will constantly diminish the all out utilization of the populace on the grounds that as the joblessness expands the buying intensity of the individuals likewise falls. They are presently procuring less wages and the pay impact will prompt an exceptional diminishing in the utilization. Utilization is one of the significant supporters in the total interest work. We characterize total interest as the all out interest for all merchandise and enterprises created in the economy at a given time and value level. It is the measure of products and enterprises in the economy that will be delivered at all conceivable value levels. The total interest is typically depicted as a direct aggregate of four divisible interest sources.[3] Where: C = Consumption I = Investment G = Government Spending (X-M) = Net Exports †Net Imports The diagram for AD is as per the following: It is frequently refered to that the total interest bend is descending slanting in light of the fact that at lower value levels a more prominent amount is requested. While this is right at the microeconomic, single great level, at the total level this is wrong. The total interest bend is in truth descending inclining because of the Pigou’s riches impact. Pigou impact is a financial aspects term that alludes to the incitement of yield and work brought about by expanding utilization because of an ascent in genuine adjusts of riches, especially during collapse. Keynes said that a drop in total interest could bring down business and the value level (deflationary wretchedness). Subsequently it can beâ said that any decline in the utilization would realize a fall in the total interest. Purchaser request or utilization, that is otherwise called individual utilization consumption, is the biggest piece of total interest or powerful interest at the macroeconomic level. The collaboration of the total interest and total gracefully gives us the market harmony. Presently as has been recently called attention to, visit power chops will mean a chopping down of the creation procedure which perpetually realizes an abatement in the total gracefully. What happens is that as total flexibly diminishes with the total interest being steady (as clearly individuals would in any case be requesting a similar amount of items) swelling will increment as demonstrated as follows: Presently here we can see with AS moving to another point as it diminishes it is really expanding the cost level which brings about expansion and subsequently joblessness increments too, in light of the fact that when there is swelling in the economy there is an ascent in costs henceforth there is a fall in the interest of merchandise and enterprises and the makers lessen their creation level and therefore they wind up diminishing the quantity of laborers which implies joblessness increments. Joblessness on the macroeconomic level is an indication that the economy is working beneath its full creation limit, this is an indication of wastefulness. Here we can see that expansion is assuming a key job in deciding the work level. Henceforth we’ll examine how burden shedding offers ascend to expansion. Expansion is traditionally characterized as a general increment in the degree of costs in merchandise and enterprises. One of the impacts of expansion is a decline in the estimation of cash. Over the span of swelling pay and costs don't increment at a similar rate; the buying intensity of the country all in all drops. One reason of expansion is surplus measure of cash which makes the costs ascend at an incredibly high rate. Other than that, another purpose behind expansion is the ascent in the expenses of creation which thus builds the costs of the items. In addition expansion happens when total flexibly surpasses total interest subsequently expanding the value level. With regards to stack shedding however, we see that it has been an activating boost for starting expansion. The CPI expansion arrived at the midpoint of 23.5 percent in July-February 2008-09 in Pakistan as against 8.9 percent in the tantamount time of a year ago. The lack of vitality sources is causing mix on the interest side of the monetary picture causing an expansion in the interest for vitality sources as it hugy affects all circles of economy of a country impacting industry level. The deficiency of the accessible vitality sources is making the individuals request greater power to address their issues on the person just as industry level which thus when seen with regards to graphical portrayal shows a move of the interest bend to the correct causing a move of the harmony position expanding the value level. (Request Pull Inflation) The expansion in level of swelling has likewise been caused because of an expansion in the expense of vitality sources. The shortage of the vitality assets accessible to the businesses is making them move to different hotspots with the end goal of vitality age which thus has made their costs soar. Presently, because of the overwhelming weight that everybody needs to look in this situation is causing a move of the AS bend as far as graphical portrayal of the situation. The expansion in the expenses of creation for the ventures thus influences the total gracefully making it decay. This move of the AS bend to one side additionally then causes the harmony value level to ascend, thus working up expansion in the general public (Cost-Push Inflation). The force taxes forced would additionally build the mechanical information cost which is as of now extremely high creation the items progressively costly in the residential just as the global market. Most definitely, the serious edge of a nation would be lost as their products are increasingly costly in contrast with different nations.

Marketing Product Assessment--Maybelline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Promoting Product Assessment- - Maybelline - Essay Example Before long the mascara was named Maybelline after the name â€Å"Maybel† given by her girl to the lash mascara (L'Oreal). After two years, the organization created the first of its sort mascara for ordinary use which turned into a moment hit with the mass market. In 1996, the company’s central station moved to New York when it was obtained by L’Oreal (L'Oreal). Over the progression of time, the organization recruited big names as brand represetatives, which again was a moment hit. In 1991, the organization received the well known motto â€Å"Maybe she’s brought into the world with it, possibly it’s Maybelline† which keeps on being its trademark to date (L'Oreal). Maybelline appreciates a solid nearness in more than 129 nations today and spreads four wide area portions: North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania (L'Oreal). Maybelline remains at no.1 in the cosmetics brands classification in its nation of origin, the US. In the UK, it has procure d the subsequent situation, alongside solid development in Russia (L'Oreal). The organization is growing quick in all BRIC economies, and has figured out how to sack the top situation in make-up brands in China in 2010 (L'Oreal). The organization is attempting to enter through the Japanese market which has serious rivalry most definitely. By and large, the organization enlisted a 13.3% development in 2010 (L'Oreal). The organization offers an assortment of product offerings identified with beautifying agents including face, eyes, lips, nails, brushes and extras (Maybelline LLC.). Under the â€Å"face† product offering, the organization offers concealer, establishment, powder, redden and bronzer (Maybelline LLC.). Under the â€Å"eyes† class, it offers eye shadow, eye liner, forehead liner and mascara (Maybelline LLC.). Under â€Å"lips† class, Maybelline offers lip shading, lip sparkle and lip liner (Maybelline LLC.). Under â€Å"nails† it offers nail sha ding, while, under â€Å"brushes and accessories† it offers brushes, tweezers, stylers, brushes, removers and bogus lashes (Maybelline LLC.). The item brand that is a piece of this paper is the Maybelline â€Å"Dream Matte Mousse Foundation† that falls under the â€Å"face† product offering. The most elevated deals of Maybelline are created by its â€Å"face† product offering, trailed by lips and afterward eye (L'Oreal). The Dream Matte Mousse Foundation fits well into the company’s item run since it offers clients the upside of matte impact for ideal mixing of establishment into their skin. It offers full inclusion and it offers the additional favorable position of sparkle control. This item is the one in particular that offers two of the three completions: matte and regular (Maybelline LLC.). Besides, this item gives a powder impact and consolidates the advantages of fluid and cake establishments. Different establishments by Maybelline offer a mi x of matte, normal, brilliant and shine completes (Maybelline LLC.). Maybelline offers to the mass market and has significant contenders, for example, Revlon, Covergirl and Avon set in opposition to it in this section. Undoubtedly, it has worldwide portrayal in around in excess of 100 nations and is additionally headquartered in New York (Avon Products Inc.). Avon’s interior qualities are that it has a solid plan of action that permits it to separate itself against contenders. It additionally had been doing genuinely well and has had a consistent increment in income since the beginning. In any case, the essential shortcoming is that the organization has been confronting declining tasks in the North American area, principally as it has not had the option to pace up with quick changing client drifts in this locale.

4 Steps to Creating an Editorial Calendar

4 Steps to Creating an Editorial Calendar With over 2 million new blog posts published online everyday, it’s vital that the content we produce is fresh, informative and useful. With an editorial calendar you can organize deadlines, guest bloggers and team members, all in one place, helping to ensure that content is well-planned, well-timed and high-quality. Create an Editorial Calendar in 4 Steps Instead of flooding your blog with content as soon as you’re ready to post it, use an editorial calendar to plan content strategically, correspond your marketing and maximize your posts. So now we’ve explained why you should have an editorial calendar, here’s how you can set one up . Categorize your articles Keep tabs of your ideas and how articles are progressing by filtering your posts under different sections. At MeisterTask we’ve created different sections on our editorial calendar for Proposed, In Progress and Completed, moving the articles between the sections as they’re begun, developed and finished. You can create tags to categorize the article’s level of complexity. For this we’ve created tags for Simple and Quick, Medium and Difficult. Using these tags we’re able to plan how and when we’ll complete each content piece. If we’re commissioning a really good writer to complete a research piece, we might take an article with the Difficult tag, as we know they’ll be able to complete it well. On the other hand, if we’re looking for a quick post to fill a gap in the editorial calendar, we can take an idea from the Simple and Quick tag. Get organised with your own editorial calendar Try out MeisterTask Try out MeisterTask Collect your stories and ideas As the inspirational writer Belle B. Cooper has previously shared, MeisterTask can also be a useful tool when researching content marketing pieces. We often discover articles or studies online which spark ideas for future posts, so use your editorial calendar to catch these thoughts and make sure they’re not wasted. Create a new task for your idea on your project board, including a reference to the study or article which sparked the thought, and any additional ideas behind the piece. You can then categorize the article idea by the relevant tag, depending on its difficulty level Simple and Quick, Medium or Difficult. When youre then ready to write the article, you can come back to the task, where all of your notes are stored in one place. You could even ask colleagues to go through your content ideas and comment their thoughts on each, so you can decide which articles to go ahead with. Build your calendar with clear deadlines In order to start filling out your calendar, set yourself deadlines for your ‘in progress’ articles, or add in the deadline agreed with the writer or freelancer. This allows you to plan how to best market the content, ahead of publishing the piece. You can see which articles are upcoming by viewing your tasks by due date, so you know which articles you should be preparing to upload over the coming days. You can also filter your editorial calendar by date, for example by choosing to only show the articles which are due to be published over the next two weeks. That way you’re able to see which deadlines are imminent and which articles you should be expecting to receive from guest bloggers or commissioned writers soon. Share and feedback on articles When you’ve been focusing on a research-intensive article for a couple of days, it can be really useful to have a fresh pair of eyes look over it. , you can upload your draft straight to the article task and comment on the task, requesting feedback from a colleague. Upload your document directly to the task from your computer or Box account to include it as an attachment, or share a link in the note section to where it can be found on Google Drive or Dropbox. From there, colleagues can provide feedback, either directly to the document online, or re-upload the annotated document including their suggestions. If there are multiple people on your marketing team who are contributing and sourcing content, but only one or two members who actually upload articles online, simplify the process by attaching the final article. This will make it easy and quick for your uploading colleagues to go straight to the task once they’re ready to publish, and upload the final version ahead of the deadline. So those are our key tips on why and how to set up an editorial calendar using MeisterTask. If you have any questions just let us know in the comments below and we’d love to hear how you get on! Get organised with your own editorial calendar Try out MeisterTask Try out MeisterTask

Students All Over America Are Suffering From Sleep...

Are you a student who has a school start time before 8:30 a.m.? Do you get tired during the school day because you did not get enough sleep? You are not alone. Students all over America are suffering from sleep deprivation. This is causing teens to do poorly in school and causes emotional and health issues. Most schools are restricted from having a later school start time because of extra-curricular activities including sports and marching band. But is this a valid sacrifice? School start times should be later for teenagers because research shows adolescents are at a risk for emotional issues, poor grade performance, and car accidents. School start times have affected teenager’s emotional behavior in a major way. Teenagers are motivated to learn more when they are awake and have had a full 8 hours of sleep. There is a Psychological mind set in our brain called the circadian clock. It tells their bodies when too wake up and when they are tired. It plays a big part in our day to day life, especially when teens wake up too early and disrupt the circadian rhythm. In an article written by Kayla Wahlstrom, she talks about how she found records from a school in Minneapolis in 1997. She said she found â€Å"findings of significant benefits such as improved attendance and enrollment rates, less sleeping in class, and less student-reported depression.† Other schools need to look at this and decide what is more important, after school activities or teens being depressed and tired duringShow MoreRelatedSleep Deprivation Essay1250 Words   |  5 PagesSleep deprivation is defined as the situation or condition of suffering from lack of sleep. Sleep deprivation is super common now days. People begin at such a young age. Most people can recall the first time they wanted to stay up super late to watch television, or hang out with their friends at a sleep over. Kids are constantly seeing older sibling and parents staying up and choosing other things over sleep. T hey’re taught at such a young age that sleep deprivation is an okay thing to do. We aren’tRead MoreSleeping Habits1419 Words   |  6 PagesGetting the right amount of sleep every night is a must if you want your body to function at its highest performance throughout the day. Over half the population in America has admitted to not getting enough sleep. Bad sleep habits can really have a negative affect on teens. There are some tips that a teen can follow to help change those habits to get a better night sleep. Hopefully after reading this paper you will be more informed on how to get a good night sleep. One of the most common tendenciesRead MoreHomework: Because 7 Hours of School Isn’t Already Enough Essay1337 Words   |  6 Pageshigh school student in today’s society has the same levels of anxiety as a psychiatric patient in the 1950s? According to psychologist Robert Leahy, school these days can get a little tough– especially when most students’ first response to a heavy backpack full of homework is to worry over whether or not it can be done. In the past decade, Leahy and other psychologists have noticed a steady nationwide increase in the amount of stress caused by schoolwork among high school students (Slate Magazine)Read MoreAnalysis Of The Story Sudanese Refugee Valentino Deng1534 Words   |  7 Pagestragedy. Many people have heard about the civil war in Sudan, but find it hard to understand the severity of the situation because it’s so far away and not often referenced in American culture or media. Valentino brings a personal touch to the crisis, from his adventure through the desert to his final destination in the United States. He tells stories of his friends and family tinged with personal experiences that the audience cannot help but to relate to and sympathize with. As Valentino’s home villageRead MorePain is one of the most powerful human motivators. People will say anything to make it stop because1900 Words   |  8 Pagesknow or b.) you fear pain and your interrogator so much that you readily give them the information that they seek. So, what techniques does the American government use to derive information from it’s prisoners? Some techniques that they have used are sexual humiliation, sleep deprivation, sensory deprivation, sensory overload, solitary confinement, mock execution, medical experimentation, learned helplessness, intimidation by dogs, confinement in a box with insects, and waterboarding. â€Å"The UnitedRead MoreMajor Risk Factors for the Development of Anorexia Nervosa1280 Words   |  6 Pagessix percent of people who suffer from anorexia have a genetic predisposition to the disease (Candy, 2003). People who have an immediate family member with Anorexia are 12 times more likely to develop the disorder themse lves than those with no family history of the disease. This is due to a hereditary gene which is linked to abnormalities with the neurotransmitter chemical, Serotonin (Source, 2003). This chemical is an active participant in the control of sleep, memory, learning, mood, body temperatureRead MoreThe Overall Effects of Staying Up Late on University Students10276 Words   |  42 PagesOverall Effects of Staying Up Late On University Students Submitted by: Farhan Rashid Ahmed Ansari ID- 0910711030 SEC-2 Date of Submission- 20.12.2011 Acknowledgement The reason for choosing this particular topic was because of my parents, especially my mother who has taken care of me for all these years. My mother has always ensured that I have proper sleep. Hence, I ended up writing a research paper regarding sleep. I would also like to thank all my respondents for filling up my questionnaireRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Children1733 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"babysitter† enables the parents to devote all their time and effort into their work or engross in technology with limited amounts of distraction from the children. Although, the parents are able to have free time, excessive amounts of screen time is proven to be detrimental to their child’s health and overall well-being. The technology that is drastically making life easier is a big blessing, but at the same time is a big curse. Twelve percent of all children in America are consider to be overweight orRead More Effects of School’s Start Times on Students Essay2998 Words   |  12 PagesEffects of School’s Start Times on Students School’s start times have been an arising issue in the United States for many years and recently began to surface. More and more individuals everyday are realizing the effects of a school’s start time on those attending the school, teaching at the school, parents of those who attend the school as well as the surrounding community. â€Å"†¦education seems to be the most sleep-deprived field in America† (Black, 2001). Beginning a school’s start time at 7:17Read MoreAnalysis Of The Book Disgrace Byj.m Coetzee 1993 Words   |  8 PagesWhen one tries to relate the protagonists David Lurie from Disgrace, Changez from The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Offred from The Handmaiden’s Tale, they appear to be polar opposites from each other with no similar characteristics, motives or personality types. However, there are similarities on how the authors developed their principal characters of the books through the relationships that the protagonist have with other characters, primarily their love interests. Offred, David Lurie and Changez

Guinea Pig Ownership and Social Skill Improvement of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1394 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/02/14 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Tags: Autism Essay Did you like this example? A growing number of children within the United States of America are suffering from debilitating deficiencies in communication and social interaction (Matson, 2011). Autism Spectrum Disorder, according to most recent statics, estimates that approximately 1 in 59 children living in the United States (Baio, 2018). Small animal pets may be a resourceful and natural way for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to increase their social ability. Social competence allows children to practice the skills they learn while developing and interacting amongst their peers to refine those learned skills. With ASD targeting the social realms of the child is important to look at the previous studies done with guinea pigs to determine if small animal pets are a good way to curtail the deficiencies caused by ASD. Social problems and disabilities in todays society can become the point of focus for bullies and harassment, but with the help of guinea pigs the effects of bullying can be diminished. The effects of bullying have been extensively studied and it is well known that bullying overall is harmful. For children with ASD the bullying that takes place at school, due to their disability and its effect on the child, can extend pass the classroom and cause maladjusted behavioral traits to show in the home as well (O’Haire et al. 2014; Kasara, 2007). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Guinea Pig Ownership and Social Skill Improvement of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder" essay for you Create order When, however, a Guinea pig was introduced into the classrooms with children who suffered from ASD results showed improvement in ASD children’s social skills, including their social approach behavior, functioning, and social withdraws (O’Haire et al. 2014). This makes sense as children with ASD would prefer animal contact to that of toys or children (Celani, 2002; O’Haire et al. 2013). Having the presence of a guinea pig in the classroom allowed the children both with ASD and without the ability to communicate and interact over a commonality: the class guinea pig. By interacting with a guinea pig at school improvements were seen but the pupils studied were not allowed to take it home with them. Children aren’t just socially interacting at school, but they are also emotionally interacting with peers as well. While the, rejection, bullying and other exclusionary stresses can affect the home life (Lytle and Todd, 2009). It would be beneficial to keep a small pet animal such that as a guinea pig in the home. Because it is not feasible to put a guinea pig in every classroom child both with ASD and without are missing out on several possible benefits. However, with over 24 million small animals as pets and approximately 80 million American homes with any type of pet it can reasonably inferred that is easier for responsible parents and guardians to obtain and keep a guinea pig than it is for a school too (Heugten, 2015). The benefits of keeping a pet at home include benefits to emotional development such as self-esteem, cognitive development through improvements in areas of language and verbal skills, as well as increase in social competence (Endenburg and Lith, 2011). Each of these crucial areas, emotional, social, and cognitive, are affected by ASD. Children with ASD could see improves in these areas. While they are all connected without improvement in emotional and cognitive skills social skills can be difficult to improve. This study also, although indirectly, shows clear connections between the human psyche and companion animals, even if those animals are service or working animals. The bonds developed between most owners and their companion animal are strong as evident by the number of pets and money spent on food, care and toys each year. Besides the known benefits of having an animal on the premises the ownership of pet, or guinea pig can allow the child to take responsibility for the companion animal while strengthen the bond between the animal and improving, through ownership responsibilities and play, and social-emotionally development (Ward et al. 2017). The responsibility factor is a major key in helping children diagnosed with ASD in improving the quality, not just expanding, of their social skills by allowing for the building of bonds and friendship with their animals. As previously mentioned, due to bullying, children with ASD can experience exclusion which is a factor in assessing the degree of depressive symptoms. By becoming more responsible for a companion animal, such as a guinea pig, ASD children showed fewer depressive symptoms and, due to bond building companionship between the child and animal, showed positive friendship benefits with their peers (Ward et al. 2017). Friendship quality, rather positive or negative, has been shown to affect to the social skills of children (Berndt 2002). Because friendship has been found to influence the social skills and social aspects of a child’s life, it is imperative that a child with ASD who has reduced social skills, due to the disease and consequences that come with it, such as bullying, can get the benefits associated with owning and becoming responsible for a guinea pig. Guinea pigs are specifically ideal for children who also have ASD. The nature of guinea pigs along with the responsibility involvements allows for a child to be able to take more control in the ownership and care taking of the animal than that of a larger species companion animal. Guinea pigs are diurnal, unlike some small animal pets which are nocturnal, they can be handled with relative ease, and are not typically aggressive (O’Haire et al. 2013). They also require less of a time requirement for care, compared to larger companion animals, which can allow children to better maintain them. They are generally also less expensive to own versus larger companion animals. Due to their small size, housing, food, toys, treats, and accessories are going to cost less than for an 80-pound dog or 12-pound cat. The reduced price of owning a guinea pig, or two, can be the meaningful difference in the adoption or purchase of a pet to assist with social improvement of a child with ASD. While studies have shown that the presences, ownership, and care taking responsibilities of a guinea pig may show improvement of children who suffer with ASD more study should be done to confirm the conclusions reached. Longitudinal investigates the past participants of studies like the ones cited would beneficial as one could measure the long-term social effects that companion animal and guinea pig ownership has. Research and study specifically involving guinea pig ownership and caretaking should be looked at as most studies involve show the general incline of social skills amongst ownership and caretaking of all companion animals. Studies should also be conducted and replicated with similar parameters as the ones cited but with a focus on home ownership and responsibility and not solely on ownership and responsibilities in educational settings where the child is only exposed to interactions with the animal at school. By focusing on home guinea pig ownership specifically, a stronger correlation can be made between the improvement of emotional, social, and cognitive development of a child with ASD and the use of guinea pigs as and effective way to enhance the social abilities and skills of the child. Emotional and cognitive confidence are auxiliary factors for the growth in social skills and research into how these auxiliary factors and affected by guinea pig ownership would also lead to how much of an influence they play into the social improvement aspect. By reviewing current materials and studies in the fields of animal science, medicine, and psychology, the effects of guinea ownership are a positive one and can improve social skills and abilities on children with ASD. This comes from the bond of caring for and being responsible for a small animal. The bonds developed and interactions with the guinea pig can transfer over to interactions with other human beings as demonstrated by having guinea pigs in classroom setting. Guinea pigs make for ideal companion animals alternatives for younger children who cannot handle the responsibilities of a more exotic or larger animal. By allowing them to care for guinea pigs a confidence is gained that allows the child to develop emotionally as well as socially. Emotional confidence can play a major role in the development of social skills as children with ASD face issues that most of their peers do not. This is also good for the health of the animal being raised, if done correctly, as it allows the animal to also develop a bond with its caretaker ad presumably live a happier life.

Theory of Management in Health Care Free Essays

The essentials of management, by far, are not historically new. One can imagine the management that was needed to build the Egyptian pyramids or the Greek Parthenon. The requirement was to have people work efficiently together toward a successful common end. We will write a custom essay sample on Theory of Management in Health Care or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, with the rise of industrialization and now with the rapid speed of change and technological advancements, effective management is needed more than ever. Healthcare, which is having such a significant impact on today’s society and also undergoing many transitions in a short period of time, is a prime example of an industry that requires the best management possible. Peter Drucker, an economist and journalist, is regarded as the founding father of the study of management by experts in the worlds of business and academia. According to Drucker (2001, pg. 10), management is based on several essential principles: 1) Management concerns first and foremost human beings, who must be made capable of joint performance, their strengths effective and weaknesses irrelevant; 2) Management is thoroughly a part of individual cultures and is variable; 3) Each organization must have a commitment to common goals and unifying objectives that are set my management; 4) Management must find ways of encouraging growth and development of the organization and its members as opportunities change; 5) Within every organization are individuals with different skills and knowledge accomplishing different types of work. This necessitates effective communications as well as each person assuming responsibility for setting individual goals, making those goals known, and working with others to accomplish them; 6) Management is measured on such factors as innovation, market share, quality and people development, not by the bottom line or output quantity; and 7) Most important, results exist only on the outside with a satisfied patient, client or customer. In the early 1960s Drucker read Abraham H. Maslow’s theory of management, which is based on the belief that each person has specific needs. He â€Å"became an immediate convert† (Drucker, 1999a, p. 17). Essentially, this means that different groups of employees have to be managed differently, and that the same group of workers has to be managed differently at different times (pg. 21). However, stressed Drucker, â€Å"one does not ‘manage’ people. The task is to lead people. And the goal is to make productive the specific strengths and knowledge of each individual (pg. 21-22). In these days of global competition, such a leadership style is essential to point individuals in the most productive directions. One also has to prepare for continual change. In the past, management commitments for the future were based on the question, â€Å"What is most likely happen?† Now, it is necessary to plan for uncertainty by asking â€Å"What has already happened that will create the future?† (Drucker, 1995, pg. 40). All organizations, especially ones in the healthcare field, have to look at such factors as demographic trends; changes in industry, market structure, values, science and technology already in place but yet to have full impact; and trends in the economy and structure of society. They must then convert these â€Å"what is most likely to happen† into opportunities for the organization based on its strengths and competence. Further, it must develop the knowledge and people to be able to respond to these opportunities. Global society is in the midst of a major transformation, where knowledge is the primary resource if, and only if, it is integrated into a task. For managers, this dynamics of knowledge requires building change into the organizational structure. The organization must commit itself to continually creating something new (Drucker, 1995, pg. 79). As a result, management must emphasize continuous improvement or kaizen, exploit its knowledge to develop the next generation of applications from its successes and learn to innovate in a systematic process. This means that organizations must continually make changes. This may even lead to closing down a hospital when changes in medical knowledge, technology and practice make a hospital with less than 200 beds uneconomical and unable to provide excellent care (pg. 81). The organizations of the future must also routinely say, â€Å"People are our greatest asset,† and loyalty is gained through offering employees exceptional opportunities for putting their knowledge to work. Ironically, however, knowledge about the knowledge worker productivity is minimal. For example, a fair-sized U.S. hospital of 400 beds has several hundred physicians and a staff up to 1,500 paramedics divided among 60 specialties, with specialized equipment and labs. â€Å"But we do not yet know how to get productivity out of them† (Drucker, 1992, pg. 336) What is known, Drucker says in Management Challenge for the 21st Century (1999b, pg. 142), are the six major demands that underlie this productivity: 1) need to ask, â€Å"what is the task?†; 2) individuals assume responsibility for themselves; 3) continuing innovation; 4) continuous learning and teaching; 5) quality over quantity; and 6) individuals recognized as an asset. Making knowledge workers productive necessitates changes in basic attitude of the entire organization. Knowledge-worker productivity is the largest of the 21st century management challenges. In the developed countries, it is their first survival requirement (Drucker, 1999b, pg. 157). One of the biggest changes is that workers will have to manage themselves and place themselves in the location where they can make the greatest impact. They will have to learn how to develop themselves and continuously better themselves. They will have to ask themselves: â€Å"What are my strengths?†; â€Å"Where do I belong?†; â€Å"What is my contribution?†; â€Å"Where can I take relationship responsibility?†; and â€Å"How can I plan for the second half of my life?† The lesson, concludes Drucker (1998, pg. 187) is that productivity of knowledge has both a qualitative and quantitative dimension. Managers (actually executives is a better word, he says) must manage both specialists and synthesizes of the different fields of knowledge. The healthcare industry will be significantly involved in all these changes if they are not already. In an online article â€Å"The Next Information Revolution,† Drucker said of healthcare: â€Å"In healthcare a similar conceptual shift is likely to lead from healthcare being defined as the fight against disease to being defined as the maintenance of physical and mental functioning.† The battle against illness remains an essential aspect of healthcare. However, it is rather a subsection of it. The traditional healthcare providers nor the hospitals and general practice physicians may survive this change, and definitely not in their present structure and function. In healthcare, the stress will therefore transition from the â€Å"T† in IT to the â€Å"I,† as it is transitioning in business and in the general economy. Is it possible that the information people in MIS and IT prepared for such changes? He sees no sign of this so far. The 21st century is heralding in a huge transition the healthcare focus (Drucker, 1999b) While the country spent most of the prior century managing disease, it will now spend time emphasizing life extension, or maximizing the length and quality of life. The key is having a work force of nurses and allied health professionals who are educated and skilled as a chronic care coach. It is a step that goes beyond case management since it involves most patients instead of those just with the most complicated cases and situations. Overall, it will involve a major redefinition of healthcare. How to cite Theory of Management in Health Care, Essay examples

Culture and Human Resource Implications in Risk Management

Question: Discuss about the Culture and Human Resource Implications in Risk Management. Answer: Introduction: The Bowtie method is a process of risk analysis that helps to visualise the risk within just one diagram. This diagram is formed like a bow-tie, where a clear differentiation between proactive and reactive risk management. The diagram of the bowtie risk analysis model is given below (Ittner and Oyon 2014). The beginning of any Bowtie is the Hazard. A Hazard is something in, around or part of the association which can possibly bring about harm. Working with unsafe substances, driving an auto or putting away delicate information are for example risky parts of an association. The possibility of a Hazard is to discover the things that are a piece of your association and could have a negative effect if control over that viewpoint is lost. They ought to be defined as should be expected parts of the association (Lavastre, Gunasekaran and Spalanzani 2012). Whatever is left of the Bowtie is committed to how we keep that typical yet risky viewpoint from transforming into something undesirable. Through the use of the Bowtie risk analysis model, the organizational risks can be managed in the above shown way. The model helps to identify the top most risks or hazards in the area of the organizational structure and management can be identified at a glance. Rising star is an organization I am familiar with is facing many problems due to the lack of proper HRM administration. The organization can use the Bowtie risk analysis model for analyzing the risks for human resource management of the organization. The model will help the organization to understand the consequences of the improper management and the escalation factors which refers to the major threats to the human resource management. They will be able to avoid the consequences by applying proper control measures to the consequences and the escalation factors. Organizational culture and human resource implications in Risk Management The organizational culture and human resource management have a high impact on the risk regarding the operations of an organization. The selection of the employees is the main operation of the human resource management of an organization. This procedure is also dependent on the organizational culture. The management of the human resource of an organization is associated with risks. If the selection of the employees is not done properly, then the organization may face huge difficulties in the management of the business operations. Therefore, the recruitment and selection process of the organization should be done with great care. The recruitment and selection should be done with focus in the proper area of specialization (Ittner and Oyon 2014). Not only the recruitment and selection process, the job allocation is also an important activity of the human resource management process. This task needs to be also done with the high level of focus in the area of the specialization and the capabilities of the employees (Hisrich and Ramadani 2016). If the job allocation is done properly, then the rate of employee satisfaction will be increased and the risk of the organization can be reduced. Risk Analysis Techniques: There are several methods of analyzing the risks associated with the operations of the organizations. Three major strategies of the risk analysis are discussed in the section below: Brainstorming: This method is used for the extensively formative project plans and to get the way of proper management of the projects. In this process, the risk factors are identified and analyzed with the help of the critical thinking of the stakeholders. It is a basic yet viable endeavour to individuals thinks innovatively in a gathering setting without feeling restrained or being censured by others. In this method, many alternative approaches for minimizing one risk can be found. The superior one is used as per the choice of majority. However, this procedure is not so efficient for all type of organizations. As per Peixoto et al. (2016), it is an efficient one for the organizations associated with the project development work. In case of traditional business organizations, this method becomes an problematic one for the risk management. Sensitivity Analysis: One of the other simple risk analysis methods is the sensitivity analysis. In this method, the value of a single variable changed to reflect the impact over the whole process. This method is mostly applied on the variables with the high level of impacts over the organizational operations. The decision making through this method is more realistic, though perhaps more complex (Hoffmann, Kiedrowicz and Stanik 2016). The main drawback of the method is the complexity. The determination of the high valued variables in the activity of the organizational risk assessment is quite hard task. Threat risk modelling: It is a basic procedure for secure web application advancement. It permits associations to decide the right controls and to deliver powerful countermeasures inside spending plan. The means of the model are appeared in the figure underneath: This is an effective procedure for the organizational risk management as it focuses on the whole scenario and assesses all type of possible risk factors (Lavastre, Gunasekaran and Spalanzani 2012). However, the iterative process may never stop if an organization thinks to mitigate all risk factors. References: Hisrich, R.D. and Ramadani, V., 2016.Effective Entrepreneurial Management: Strategy, Planning, Risk Management, and Organization. Springer. Hoffmann, R., Kiedrowicz, M. and Stanik, J., 2016. Risk management system as the basic paradigm of the information security management system in an organization. InMATEC Web of Conferences(Vol. 76, p. 04010). EDP Sciences. Ittner, C.D. and Oyon, D., 2014. The Internal Organization of Enterprise Risk Management.Available at SSRN 2486588. Lavastre, O., Gunasekaran, A. and Spalanzani, A., 2012. Supply chain risk management in French companies.Decision Support Systems,52(4), pp.828-838. Peixoto, J., Tereso, A., Fernandes, G. and Almeida, R., 2014. Project Risk Management Methodology: A Case Study of an Electric Energy Organization.Procedia technology,16, pp.1096-1105. Peixoto, J., Tereso, A., Fernandes, G. and Almeida, R., 2016. A Project Risk Management Methodology Developed for an Electrical Portuguese Organization.International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals (IJHCITP),7(1), pp.1-19.